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雅思语法知识

资料整理:广州英语学校发布时间:2018-05-0735

雅思语法知识

雅思语法知识。语法是在雅思是占有很重位置的,雅思语法知识有哪些呢?我们一起去了解一下!

雅思写作中包含的语法知识点

虚拟语气:

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

1. If sb had done sth (坏事), sb would never have done sth (好事).

如果某人过去做了某事(坏事),那么他永远不可能做某事。

If Hugh Miller, after toiling all day in quarry (采石场), had devoted his evenings to rest and recreation, he would never have become a famous geologist.

2. Sb would never have done sth (好事1) , never have done sth (好事2), if sb had done sth (坏事)

某人永远不可能做某事,永远不可能做某事,如果某人过去做了某件坏事。

The celebrated mathematician, Edmund Stone, would never have published amathematical dictionary, never have found the key to science of mathematics, if he had given his spare moments to idleness.

3. Had sb done sth(坏事) ,sb would never have done sth (好事)

如果某人过去做了某件坏事,而不是去做某件好事,那么他永远不可能做某事(好事)。

Had the little Scotch lad, Ferguson, allowed the busy brain to go to sleep while he tended sheep on the hillside, instead of calculating the position of the stars by a string of beads, he would never have become a famous astronomer.

对以上几个虚拟语气的应用范文:

Group discussion Google

If Google had ignored the importance of group discussion, this high-tech company would never have achieved today's stunning success.

(If sb had done sth, he would never have done sth)

Google, a once obscure, ailing / fragile company, would never have achieved today's stunning success, never have conquered so big a market share, if it had ignored the importance of group discussion.

(sb would never have done sth , never have done sth , if sb had donesth)

Had Google , a once small , obscure company , ignored the importance of group discussion ,the hi-tech tycoon would never , never have harvested today's overwhelming success . (压倒性的成功)

情态动词:

情态动词本身有一定的词义,但是不能独立作谓语,只能和行为动词一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 情态动词虽然数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.

雅思写作中关于情态动词的使用经常存在漏用和误用的情况,而大作文本身就是要求写对某个事物或者现象的评价,所以不可避免要出现带有情态动词的观点句。下面是发现的比较常见的问题:

首先是情态动词,尤其是Will的漏掉。

中国考生受汉语影响,一提到“将来”才会有意识地用will, 实际上will可以表达“能、将、会、要、就”等多种意义。只是涉及到这样的地方很多考生就把这几个词当作虚词忽略掉了,以至于经常出现“观点”与“事实”不分的句子, 如:

Riding bicycles reduces air pollution.

如果没有情态动词,这个句子就只表示目前存在的状态或者事实,而不表示个人对骑自行车的评价。

其它的常见的漏用还体现在与if引导的状语从句一起连用的主句中,so that或者in order that引导的从句,或者是与without, in case of等介词短语连用的主句,不论条件还是目的都是写作中经常出现的句式。如:

If I have time tomorrow, I drive to pick you up.

Xiao Zhang gets up very early so that he catches the earliest bus to work.

Without enough time to stay inside campus, college students don't have time to improve themselves.

其次是情态动词“can”的误用。

分析认为主要问题是中国学生在亮观点时对“can”情有独钟,而英式的学风历来讲究严谨,像can这样语气过于绝对的表达比较好换成may/ will, 或者是语气更委婉的might/would probably等,同时还要搭配一定程度的副词,如:

Over indulgence in computer games can lead to social violence especially of teenagers.

上句中can不如might用起来更加客观,因为几乎每个小孩都玩游戏,但绝不是每个人都会犯罪。

另外一个容易误用的词是should。

多表示根据社会风俗习惯个人的责任,而在比较正式的议论文写作中,多数句子是以客观事物做主语的,所以用should就有些不太恰当,如:

To tackle the problem of youth crimes related with computer games, advertisement enterprises should restrict the large-scale promotion.

一般我们会用另外一个更客观性的短语be to do来代替,或者是shall,但是这里的shall不是用于第一人称后的将来时符号,而表示的是一种情态。

至于must, 因为语气实在强硬,所以一般在社会性的问题的论述上我们要慎用,建议考生可换成need/ shall/ be to do或者是be expected to do形式。如:

To help students get better employment, universities must increase the skillful courses.

虽然情态动词不是关系写作是否能上6分的语法项目,但也会在一定程度上影响到分数,所以希望考生们能引起足够的重视。

雅思写作必备语法知识点

大作文

需要备好各种从句:其中5.5分以上必备三大经典从句:定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)

1. 定语从句:

多用who(指人)、which(指物)、that(即可指人也可以指物),还有一个经典的容易被忽视的定语从句在大作文中可以表达事件发生的原因:即由why引导的固定句型...the reason(s) why...

E.g:There may be some reasons why entertainment stars earn high salaries but overall Iagree that they are overpaid.

2. 宾语从句:

文章中提出观点的好句型,无论是你自己的观点还是文章中原来给出的观点都可以。建议多用that引导的,不容易出错,如:some people think/agree/suggest/insist that...

E.g:A growing number of parents believe that being overly dependent on social networkingwebsites only makes their children more isolated in the real world.

3.状语从句:

状语的种类特别多,所以状语从句是你最能够表现句型多样化的机会。牢记以下几种状从的分类,句子的丰富性自然就出来了:

A.时间状语从句(引导词:when/as/while/since/the moment...)

E.g:The related sectors should take effective measures the moment the problem appeared.

B.地点状语从句(引导词:where/wherever)

E.g:Generally,air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

C.原因状语从句(引导词:because/since/as/seeing that...)

E.g:As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopularwith everyone who needs to travel on the roads.

D.条件状语从句(引导词:if/as long as/providing that/provided that...)

E.g:The government will increase its support for public education, provided that such funds canbe put to good use.

E.让步状语从句(就是转折关系,引导词:though/although/while/no matterwho/where/which/how...)

E.g:*While (表示二者对比)some people link happiness to wealth and material success, othersthink it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships. *Even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is notunrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.

雅思写作考试中的语法知识

1、状语前置

小站分析:状语前置就是把一个修饰动词的状语结构,如介词短语,分词形式或动词不定式引导的短语放到句首、雅思写作中状语前置是很拿分的句式。不过很多考生都没意识到这一点。请看下面从剑桥提供的范文中节选的句子:

1) Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness.

2) Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purposes.

3) With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries.

使用状语前置的较大优点是让单调的句子有了跳跃的节奏感、考官一天看上百张考卷,看到这样的句子也会心情愉悦。

2、插入语

小站分析:此种语法结构是可以理解为是状语前置的另一种变体,它将状语结构提到了主句的主语和谓语之间、插入语也是相对地道的英语表达方法。请看以下几例:

1) Universities, when it is functioning well, should offer both theoretical knowledge as well as professional training.

2) So overall, I believe that, attending school from a young age is good for most children.

插入语的功能和状语前置基本相似,都能使句子更有跳跃感和地道。

3、倒装句

1) The parents should spend time on their children, they should also communicate with them.

2) We can never lose sight of the significance of education.

以上两句话都没有任何错误,但是读来非常平淡,没有任何特色,如果我们用倒装句,出来的效果就完全不一样了。

1) Not only should parents spend time on their children, they are also advised to interact with them.

2) On no account / by no means / in no way can we lose sight of the significance of education.

雅思考试语法如何复习

语法问题对于雅思考试语法是否重要?

语法是大多数考生在备考过程中最容易忽视的一个问题。这主要由两方面的因素造成。

第一, 雅思出题思路和我们国内考生所熟悉的四/六级英语考试及托福考试极为不同。雅思四项测试的所有题目,没有任何一道直接涉及英文语法。

换句话说,语法在雅思考试中不是一个考点。雅思考试委员会清楚地表示,雅思考的是考生实际运用英文的能力,而非语言知识点本身。它强调运用语言的生存能力, 而非将语言作为孤立的知识来研究和记忆。由于这方面的因素,考生会错误地忽视语法的重要性。

第二,虽然很多考生希望复习英文语法,但感到英文语法纷繁庞杂,复习起来,难以理清头绪。事实上,不解决语法问题,将对雅思四项造成恶劣的危害。

阅读方面,如果对句子结构不敏感,句子都难以读懂,阅读速度如何快得起来,如何能迅速搜索有用的信息。对于庞大的阅读量而言,一眼看清句子结构是快速阅读的第一要素。

听力方面,如果对于句子结构不敏感, 如何能预测次要信息与核心考点信息。听力的要诀在于有张有弛,如果考生在听的过程中,大脑神经时刻高度紧张,记忆压力就会大大增加,应当听到并需要写下来的信息就会被大大冲淡,造成一连串不应有的失误。

写作方面,大多数考生最薄弱的环节在英文时态,助动词,从句和词性四个方面。没有清晰实用的语法概念,会严重影响文章质量。

但由于考生备考时间和精力所限,如果再重新一点一点去啃庞杂狰狞的语法,又会得不偿失。因此选择完全针对雅思题目的语法强化方案,就极为重要。一个好的语法方案,应当具备以下特点: 完全针对雅思考题、高度浓缩、讲练结合、易于快速掌握。

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