迈克尔法拉第英文介绍

迈克尔·法拉第是英国物理学家、化学家，也是著名的自学成才的科学家。下面小编为大家整理的迈克尔法拉第英文介绍，希望对大家有用!

迈克尔法拉第英文介绍

Michael Faraday was an English chemist and physicist (or natural philosopher, in the terminology of the time) who contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.

Faraday studied the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a DC electric current. While conducting these studies, Faraday established the basis for the electromagnetic field concept in physics, subsequently enlarged upon by James Maxwell. He similarly discovered electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and laws of electrolysis. He established that magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between the two phenomena. His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became viable for use in technology.

As a chemist, Michael Faraday discovered benzene, investigated the clathrate hydrate of chlorine, invented an early form of the Bunsen burner and the system of oxidation numbers, and popularised terminology such as anode, cathode, electrode, and ion.

Although Faraday received little formal education and knew little of higher mathematics, such as calculus, he was one of the most influential scientists in history. Historians of science refer to him as the best experimentalist in the history of science. The SI unit of capacitance, the farad, is named after him, as is the Faraday constant, the charge on a mole of electrons (about 96,485 coulombs). Faraday’s law of induction states that magnetic flux changing in time creates a proportional electromotive force.

Faraday was the first and foremost Fullerian Professor of Chemistry at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, a life-time position.

Albert Einstein kept a photograph of Faraday on his study wall alongside pictures of Isaac Newton and James Clerk Maxwell.

Faraday was highly religious; he was a member of the Sandemanian Church, a Christian sect founded in 1730 that demanded total faith and commitment. Biographers have noted that “a strong sense of the unity of God and nature pervaded Faraday’s life and work.”

法拉第的一生是伟大的，法拉第其人又是平凡的，他非常热心科学普及工作，在他任皇家研究所实验室主任后不久，即发起举行星期五的晚间讨论会和圣诞节少年科学讲座。他在100多次星期五晚间讨论会上作过讲演，在圣诞节少年科学讲座上讲演达19年之久，他的科普讲座深入浅出，并配以丰富的演示实验，深受欢迎。法拉第还热心公众事业，长期为英国许多公私机构服务。他为人质朴、不善交际、不图名利、喜欢帮助亲友。为了专心从事科学研究，他放弃了一切有丰厚报酬的商业性工作。他在1857年谢绝了皇家学会拟选他为会长的提名，他甘愿以平民的身份实现献身科学的诺言，终身在皇家学院实验室工作一辈子，当一个平凡的迈克尔·法拉第。

1867年8月25日，平民迈克尔·法拉第在书房安详地离开了人世。一代科学巨星，在谱写完他不平凡的人生，给人类留下无价的宝藏以后与世长辞。法拉第的贡献惠及每个人，把人类文明提高到空前高度，把文明进程提前了几十几百年。我们不能用金钱衡量其伟绩，如果能用金钱衡量的话，有人说将超过全球股票价值。