写苏格拉底的英文文章

苏格拉底之于西方，就如孔子之于中国。这位圣贤一生清苦、高风亮节、不畏权贵。他独特的教学方式博得了弟子们的尊重，但引起了一些统治者的不满。下面小编为大家整理的写苏格拉底的英文文章，希望对大家有用!

写苏格拉底的英文文章

The Greek word for wisdom is Sophia, and philos means a friend.So“philosopher”means a friend of wisdom, and this is the best possible deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of Socrates, who was one of the wisest and bravest teachers the world has ever known.

Socrates lived in Athens, nearly 500 years before the birth of Christ.He was not born important or rich, and indeed all his life he was poor, for he never asked his pupils to pay for what he taught them.He taught for the love of wisdom, not for money.

And what he had to say was always new and worth hearing.Before his time, most philosophers had been interested in studying what we would now call magic or superstition.Socrates, on the other hand, was interested in how ordinary people ought to behave and think.He did not just tell his pupils what he thought they should do—in fact, he was fond of saying that he himself knew nothing.Instead, he would ask them endless questions about what they thought and believed, and then he would talk about their answers and make them talk too.

He would cunningly lead the conversation round in such a way that at the end of it people would suddenly see for themselves what was really true and right.They would feel they had worked it out for themselves which of course Socrates had helped them to do—and would feel much more sure of it than if Socrates had just told them what to think and do, without helping them to see the reasons why.

Socrates taught that the man who is master of himself is truly free.By being master of oneself he meant first knowing oneself, one's faults and weaknesses and one's good points, without making any pretense and without being vain, and then being able to control oneself.

This knowledge of himself was what helped a man to be courageous, and the courageous man has a very important sort of freedom:freedom from fear. Socrates himself, because he was not afraid of the consequences, always felt free to teach what he thought was right, however unpopular this might make him with the powerful people in Athens.

No wonder all his pupils loved Socrates.But he made some dangerous enemies by his strange ways of teaching and asking questions.Some of the rulers in Athens did not like people to be encouraged to ask too many questions for fear they would begin asking questions about what their rulers were doing.So they accused Socrates of teaching young men wicked things and leading them to throw off their religion.This was false, for in fact Socrates was a very religious man.At last his enemies had him arrested, and he was condemned to death.

During the 30 days that lay between Socrates'trial and execution, his friends and pupils were allowed to spend a great deal of time with him in his prison.They were astonished to find that he was calm and cheerful and seemed to have no fear of dying.He talked to them and taught them just as he used to in the streets and market places of the city.One of his pupils, Crito, bribed the gaoler to let him escape, but even then he would not go.

The Greeks'way of executing people was to make them drink a cup of hemlock, which is deadly poison.When the hemlock was brought to Socrates, his friends were in tears, but Socrates took the cup quietly and drank it as if it were a glass of wine at a banquet.

苏格拉底

希腊文把智慧叫作sophia，而philos则意味着朋友。因此，philosopher(哲学家)的意思就是有智慧的朋友。这也正是我们对苏格拉底的比较好的描述。他是世上最聪明最勇敢的导师之一。

苏格拉底生活在耶稣基督降生前约五百年时的雅典。他并非富贵家庭出身，而确实是毕生穷困，因为他从不收学生的学费。他教学不是为了金钱，而是出于对智慧的热爱。

他所说的话总是新颖且值得倾听。在他之前的大多数哲学家们所感兴趣的是研究我们现在叫作巫术或迷信的东西;相反，苏格拉底所感兴趣的是平常人应该怎样做和怎样思考。他不只是告诉学生他认为他们应该做什么——事实上，他总爱说他自己什么也不懂。他总是没完没了地向学生们提出有关他们思想和信仰的问题，然后再谈论他们的答案，并让他们一起参与谈论。

他会巧妙地引导谈话的进行，使人们最后突然领悟到什么才是真实的和正确的。人们会觉得这是他们自己摸索出来的——当然苏格拉底帮助了他们——而且会觉得假如苏格拉底只告诉他们怎么想和怎么做而没有帮助他们认识其所以然的话，他们就不会得到这么肯定的答案。

苏格拉底教导说：“自主的人是真正自由的。”自主，首先指的是认识自己、认识自身的错误、弱点以及优点，没有任何虚伪和自负，并且能控制自己。

这种对自身的认识会给予人们勇气，而有勇气的人有一种非常重要的自由：无所畏惧。苏格拉底本人，因为不怕一切后果，总是自由地把他认为是正确的东西教给学生，而不顾这样会招致雅典权贵的不满。

难怪学生们都热爱苏格拉底。但是由于奇异的教学和提问的方法，他结下了一些危险的敌人。雅典的某些统治者并不喜欢人民受到鼓励来提出太多的问题，因为他们害怕人民会提出有关统治者正在干什么的问题。因此他们指控苏格拉底把邪恶的东西教给青年人，并引导他们抛弃宗教信仰。这是诬告，因为事实上苏格拉底是一个笃信宗教的人。最后，他的敌人把他逮捕了，并把他判处死刑。

在苏格拉底被审讯至处死的30天中，他的朋友们和学生们经允许，长时间地在监狱里陪伴他。他们惊奇地发现他镇静而乐观，好像并不惧怕死亡。他仍像过去在街上和集市中那样同他们谈话并教导他们。一个叫克利托的学生曾贿赂狱吏让他逃跑，但是即使那样，苏格拉底还是不愿逃跑。

希腊人处死人的方法是逼他人喝一杯致命的毒酒。当苏格拉底拿到毒酒时，他的朋友们都流泪了。但是，苏格拉底却从容地举杯饮下，好像在喝宴会上的一杯酒。